Understanding Transistor Data and
Replacement/Equivalent
If, for some reason, you cant get an exact replacement for the transistor that you want to replace, you can
refer to one of the transistor substitution guides or book, and try to identify a near replacement. Beware,
however. A substitution guide will sometimes list a replacement for your part, even though the two parts are not
very similar. The most commonly used transistor substitution guides is the Philips ECG semiconductors Master
Replacement Guide. Selecting the right transistor parameters or specifications for the equipment you repair will
avoid callbacks from customers. Callbacks or repeated repairs due to wrong transistor substitution will cost you
extra money and a waste of time.
Some important transistor parameters are:
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Maximum collector-to-base
voltage (VCBO)
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The replacement part should have a VCBO rating
equal to or higher than the original.
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Maximum
collector-to-emitter voltage (VCEO)
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The replacement part should have a VCEO rating
equal to or higher than the original.
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Maximum emitter-to-base
voltage (VEBO)
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The replacement part should have a VEBO rating
equal to or greater than the original
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Maximum collector current
(IC)
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The replacement part should be able to handle as
much (or more) collector current as the original.
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Power dissipation (PD
Watts)
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The replacement part should be able to dissipate
as much (or more) power as the original part.
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Gain
(hFE)
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The replacement should have a gain equal to or
better than the original and it should be as close to the original specification as
possible.
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Gain-bandwidth
(fT)
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The replacement should have a transition
frequency equal to or faster than the original and it should be as close to the original
specification as possible.
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Below is a table of application requirement and important specification that you can use for guidelines when
comes to transistor substitution.
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Application Requirement
:
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Important Specifications
:
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1. General purpose low level
amplifier
and switching
transistors.
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hFE, IC (max), fT, VCEO
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2. Power switching
applications
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VCEO, VCBO, hFE, IC (max), PD (max)
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3. Low level IF/RF
amplification
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IC (max), fT, VCEO
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4. Audio
amplification
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IC (max), PD (max), hFE, VCEO
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5. High voltage transistors
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VCEO, VCBO, IC (max), fT
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Remember, the replacement transistor should not run hot and if problem still persist, try another replacement
number or get the original number if possible. Do not overlook that the surrounding components also may caused the
transistor to run hot even if original number is used.
Click here to learn how to find a correct equivalent or replacement
parts!

Author By : Jestine Yong
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